ObjectiveTo investigate the causes for hematuria complicated by indwelling double J tube after ureteroscopy and to propose corresponding countermeasures. MethodsA total of 320 patients with indwelling double J tube after ureteroscopy (66 cases of upper ureteral calculus, 88 cases of middle ureteral calculus, 144 cases of lower ureteral calculus, 22 cases of ureteral stricture) were included as research objects to analyze the occurrence of hematuria at 1-month postoperative follow-up in different types of patients, summarize the causes for the occurrence of hematuria and propose corresponding preventive countermeasures. ResultsOne month after operation, 48 cases of 66 patients with upper ureteral calculus had severe hematuria, accounting for 72.73%. Among 88 patients with middle ureteral calculus, 42 cases had severe hematuria, accounting for 47.73%. Among 144 patients with lower ureteral calculus, 24 cases had moderate to severe hematuria, accounting for 16.67%. No moderate or severe hematuria occurred in the 22 patients with ureteral strictures. The incidence of moderate and severe hematuria decreased in patients with upper ureteral calculus, middle ureteral calculus, lower ureteral calculus, and ureteral stricture successively after operation (all P＜0.05). ConclusionThe main causes of postoperative hematuria were postoperative urinary tract infection, the friction of ureteral mucosa injured in lithotripsy against the double J tube, the stimulation of the bladder trigone by the tail of the retained double J tube, and the foreign body reaction of human tissue to the double J tube. The control of postoperative infection, improvement of surgical skills, reasonable selection of ureteroscope and double J tube and rational use of drugs are the key points to reduce the occurrence of hematuria in patients with indwelling double J tube after ureteroscopy.

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