ObjectiveTo evaluate the changes of fetal heart structure and function in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by echocardiography. MethodsThirty GDM patients (GDM group) and 42 concurrent healthy pregnant women(control group) were enrolled. Fetal echocardiography was used to examine fetal heart, and foramen ovale diameter(FOD) , left atrial transverse diameter, right atrial diameter,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD) ,left ventricular end-systolic diameter(LVESD), right ventricular end-diastolic diameter(RVEDD), right ventricular end-systolic diameter(RVESD), inter-ventricular septum end-diastolic thickness (IVSd) ,left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT), right ventricular wall thickness(RVWT), mitral valve peak velocity early diastolic filling (E wave) to peak velocity of late diastolic filling (A wave) ratio (MV E/A),tricuspid valve peak velocity early diastolic filling (E wave) to peak velocity of late diastolic filling (A wave) ratio (TV E/A), Left ventricular cardiac output (LVCO), right ventricular cardiac output (RVCO), left ventricular fraction shortening(LVFS), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), and right ventricular fraction shortening (RVFS) were measured. ResultsThe GDM group had significantly higher fetal IVST and RVWT as well as lower FOD, MV E/A, TV E/A and RVFS than the control group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference between the GDM group and the control group in LVWT, left or right atrial/ventricular diameter, left or right cardiac output, or left ventricular systolic function (P＞0.05). ConclusionGDM can affect fetal heart structure and function. Echocardiography is an important method for evaluating fetal heart structure and function in GDM.

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