ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of laparoscopic intersphincteric resection (LISR) of ultra-low rectal cancer in the treatment of low rectal cancer. MethodsA total of 150 patients with low rectal cancer were divided into control group and observation group using the random number table, with 75 cases in each group. The control group was treated with open intersphincteric resection（OISR） of ultra-low rectal cancer, while the observation group was treated with LISR of ultra-low rectal cancer. The duration of operation, intraoperative blood loss, incident rate of postoperative complications, mortality at 1 month after operation, anal canal resting pressure and systolic pressure at 1 month after operation were compared between the two groups. ResultsCompared to the control group, the duration of operation was shorter, the intraoperative blood loss was less, the incident rate of postoperative complications was lower, and the anal canal resting pressure and systolic pressure at 1 month after operation were higher in the observation group (all P＜0.05). But there was no statistical difference in the mortality at 1 month after operation between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionLISR obtains a definite efficacy for treating rectal cancer, can decrease the duration of operation and intraoperative blood loss, reduce the incident rate of postoperative complications, preserves the anus and its function to the greatest extent, and improves the life quality of patients.

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