【Abstract】 ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of pit and fissure sealing for the prevention of dental caries in children. MethodsA total of 585 children aged 7～9 years from 3 primary schools in Chongchuan District of Nantong City were randomly selected. Complete eruption of the first permanent molar was observed in all children. Self control method was used in this study.The molar from one side was randomly enrolled as control group and the pit and fissure sealing was not performed. And the molar from the opposite side was enrolled as experiment group, and preparation for the pit and fissure was conducted using enameloplasty, then the pit and fissure sealing was conducted using resin sealant. The efficacy was evaluated after 6,12 and 18 months. ResultsThe retention rates of the pit and fissure sealant decreased in the order of 6,12 and 18 months after sealing (75.73%, 70.58% and 65.06% respectively). At 6,12 and 18 months after sealing, the incident rates of caries in the experiment group ［ 4.70%（55/1 170), 4.29%(50/1 166) and 4.99%(58/1 162) respectively］ were lower than the rates in the control group［10.77%(126/1 170), 18.44%(215/1 166) and 19.97%(232/1 162)respectively］(P＜0.05). The reduction percentage of caries were 56.34%, 76.74% and 75.00% at 6,12 and 18 months after sealing respectively. ConclusionPit and fissure sealing can effectively reduce the incidence of caries , and is worthy of promotion and application.

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