ObjectiveTo analyze the complications of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation in the treatment of thyroid nodules and to explore its prevention and treatment. MethodsA total of 2200 cases with thyroid nodules were treated with microwave ablation, of which complications occurred in the treatment and after treatment in 96 cases. This article analyzes the causes of complications and prevention methods. ResultsDifferent degrees of pain occurred in 96 patients, 12 patients could not tolerate the pain (0.55%), postoperative headache in 9 cases (0.41%), radioactive toothache in 4 cases (0.18%), hemorrhage in 5 cases (0.23%), 10 cases of vagus reflex (0.45%), 5 cases of bronchial spasm, 20 cases (0.91%) of cough, 75 cases (3.41%) of hypertension during the operation (more than 140/90 mmHg), 2 cases (0.09%) occurred isthmus skin necrosis, 1 weeks after operation the isthmus local swelling, intraoperative immediate vocal dullness in 2 (0.09%). In the early of treatment, 12 cases (0.55%) with mild to moderate injury of recurrent laryngeal nerve, by symptomatic treatment after returning to normal. No blood vessels, trachea or esophagus damage and other complications. ConclusionThyroid nodule in ultrasound-guided microwave coagulation therapy for pain, bleeding may occur, bronchospasm, coughing, vagal reflex, recurrent laryngeal nerve, and even complications such as tracheal and esophageal damage, careful operation and experience can effectively reduce the occurrence of complications.“Low concentration of low-volume” anesthesia and “liquid separation” auxiliary method can effectively prevent heat damage to important structures of the neck.

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